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Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Biology — 30 solved questions with detailed explanations.

30

Questions

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Solved Questions

Q1. DNA replication is:

Conservative
Semi-conservative
Dispersive
Random

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: DNA Replication

Solution

DNA replication is semi-conservative: each new DNA molecule has one old strand and one new strand (Meselson-Stahl experiment).

Q2. The central dogma of molecular biology is:

DNA → RNA → Protein
RNA → DNA → Protein
Protein → RNA → DNA
DNA → Protein → RNA

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Central Dogma

Solution

Central dogma: DNA → (transcription) → RNA → (translation) → Protein.

Q3. The start codon is:

UAA
AUG
UAG
UGA

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Genetic Code

Solution

AUG is the universal start codon. It codes for methionine (in eukaryotes) or f-Met (in prokaryotes).

Q4. RNA polymerase does not need:

template
nucleotides
primer
energy

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

primer.

Q5. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at:

any sequence
centromeres
palindromic sequences
telomeres

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

palindromic sequences.

Q6. Transformation was demonstrated by:

Hershey and Chase
Meselson and Stahl
Watson and Crick
Griffith (1928)

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

Griffith (1928).

Q7. DNA is the genetic material was proved by:

Griffith
Mendel
Hershey and Chase
Morgan

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

Hershey and Chase.

Q8. Chargaff's rule states:

A=T and G=C
A=C and G=T
A=G and T=C
A+G=T+C

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

A=T and G=C.

Q9. Telomerase adds repetitive sequences to:

telomeres
origins
promoters
centromeres

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

telomeres.

Q10. Griffith demonstrated:

conjugation
translation
transduction
transformation in bacteria

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

transformation in bacteria.

Q11. Hershey-Chase used:

neither
only S
T2 phage with ³²P and ³⁵S
only P

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

T2 phage with ³²P and ³⁵S.

Q12. Chargaff's rule: A=T, G=C applies to:

double-stranded DNA
protein
single-stranded DNA
RNA

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

double-stranded DNA.

Q13. Telomerase maintains:

telomere length
origin firing
promoter activity
centromere function

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

telomere length.

Q14. Operon concept given by:

Morgan
Mendel
Watson and Crick
Jacob and Monod

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

Jacob and Monod.

Q15. Okazaki fragments are formed during:

transcription
leading strand synthesis
lagging strand synthesis
translation

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

lagging strand synthesis.

Q16. Promoter in prokaryotes is recognized by:

tRNA
rho factor
ribosome
sigma factor of RNA polymerase

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

sigma factor of RNA polymerase.

Q17. Introns are:

coding sequences
regulatory sequences
promoter sequences
non-coding sequences in eukaryotic genes

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

non-coding sequences in eukaryotic genes.

Q18. Exons are:

repetitive sequences
intergenic sequences
non-coding sequences
coding sequences

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

coding sequences.

Q19. Lac operon is an example of:

constitutive expression
repressible operon
inducible operon
none

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

inducible operon.

Q20. Human genome has approximately:

3.2 billion base pairs
100 million bp
10 billion bp
1 million bp

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Solution

3.2 billion base pairs.

Q21. DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in:

both directions
5'→3' direction
random
3'→5'

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

5'→3' direction.

Q22. RNA polymerase reads template in:

random
both
3'→5' direction
5'→3'

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

3'→5' direction.

Q23. mRNA moves from:

stays in cytoplasm
nucleus to cytoplasm (ribosome)
stays in nucleus
cytoplasm to nucleus

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

nucleus to cytoplasm (ribosome).

Q24. tRNA carries:

DNA to ribosome
amino acids to ribosome
nothing
mRNA to nucleus

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

amino acids to ribosome.

Q25. rRNA is found in:

ribosomes
nucleus only
mitochondria only
Golgi

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

ribosomes.

Q26. Stop codons are:

none
GCC, GCA, GCU
AUG, AUA, AUC
UAA, UAG, UGA

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

UAA, UAG, UGA.

Q27. Wobble hypothesis explains:

flexibility in 3rd codon position
lipid synthesis
protein folding
DNA structure

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

flexibility in 3rd codon position.

Q28. Operon model was proposed for:

E. coli lac operon
plant genome
human genome
viral genome

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

E. coli lac operon.

Q29. Enhancers are:

introns
tRNA genes
regulatory DNA sequences far from promoter
coding sequences

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

regulatory DNA sequences far from promoter.

Q30. Silencers are:

structural genes
sequences that decrease transcription
coding regions
sequences that increase transcription

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Molecular Biology

Solution

sequences that decrease transcription.

Other Chapters in Biology

Ch 1: Reproduction in Organisms Ch 2: Sexual Reproduction in Plants Ch 3: Human Reproduction Ch 4: Reproductive Health Ch 5: Principles of Inheritance Ch 7: Evolution Ch 8: Human Health & Disease Ch 9: Strategies for Enhancement Ch 10: Microbes in Human Welfare Ch 11: Biotechnology Principles Ch 12: Biotechnology Applications Ch 13: Organisms & Populations Ch 14: Ecosystem Ch 15: Biodiversity & Conservation Ch 16: Environmental Issues

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