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Chapter 11: Biotechnology Principles

NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Biology — 17 solved questions with detailed explanations.

17

Questions

0

Topics

Solved Questions

Q1. The enzyme used to cut DNA at specific sites is:

DNA ligase
Restriction endonuclease
DNA polymerase
Helicase

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Restriction Enzymes

Solution

Restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes) cut DNA at specific palindromic recognition sequences.

Q2. PCR stands for:

Protein Chain Reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Phosphate Carbon Reaction
Primary Cell Replication

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: PCR

Solution

PCR = Polymerase Chain Reaction. Amplifies specific DNA sequences in vitro using Taq polymerase.

Q3. The vector commonly used in recombinant DNA technology is:

Chromosome
Plasmid
Ribosome
Lysosome

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Vectors

Solution

Plasmids (small circular DNA) are the most common cloning vectors. Others include bacteriophages, BACs, YACs.

Q4. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments by:

size
shape
color
weight

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Biotechnology Principles

Solution

size.

Q5. Northern blotting detects:

protein
carbohydrates
RNA
DNA

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Biotechnology Principles

Solution

RNA.

Q6. Ti plasmid is found in:

Agrobacterium tumefaciens
E. coli
human cells
yeast

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Principles

Solution

Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Q7. Southern blotting detects:

RNA
protein
DNA
lipids

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Principles

Solution

DNA.

Q8. Western blotting detects:

lipids
RNA
protein
DNA

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Principles

Solution

protein.

Q9. ELISA is used to detect:

DNA
RNA
chromosomes
antigens or antibodies

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Principles

Solution

antigens or antibodies.

Q10. Taq polymerase is used in PCR because it is:

thermostable (from Thermus aquaticus)
cheap
fast
error-free

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

thermostable (from Thermus aquaticus).

Q11. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA by:

color
charge only
weight
size (smaller moves faster)

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

size (smaller moves faster).

Q12. Restriction enzymes are called molecular scissors because they:

join DNA
cut DNA at specific sites
copy DNA
degrade DNA

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

cut DNA at specific sites.

Q13. DNA ligase:

degrades DNA
copies DNA
cuts DNA
joins DNA fragments

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

joins DNA fragments.

Q14. Transformation is uptake of DNA by:

competent cells
all cells
only animal cells
only plant cells

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

competent cells.

Q15. Electroporation uses:

heat
chemicals
cold
electric pulses to make membrane permeable

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

electric pulses to make membrane permeable.

Q16. Gene gun (biolistics) is used for:

plant transformation
virus only
bacteria only
animal transformation only

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

plant transformation.

Q17. Blue-white screening uses:

antibiotic resistance only
lacZ gene and X-gal
fluorescence
radioactivity

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology

Solution

lacZ gene and X-gal.

Other Chapters in Biology

Ch 1: Reproduction in Organisms Ch 2: Sexual Reproduction in Plants Ch 3: Human Reproduction Ch 4: Reproductive Health Ch 5: Principles of Inheritance Ch 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Ch 7: Evolution Ch 8: Human Health & Disease Ch 9: Strategies for Enhancement Ch 10: Microbes in Human Welfare Ch 12: Biotechnology Applications Ch 13: Organisms & Populations Ch 14: Ecosystem Ch 15: Biodiversity & Conservation Ch 16: Environmental Issues

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