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Chapter 14: Ecosystem

NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Biology — 24 solved questions with detailed explanations.

24

Questions

0

Topics

Solved Questions

Q1. The 10% law of energy transfer was given by:

Odum
Lindeman
Tansley
Elton

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Energy Flow

Solution

Lindeman (1942) proposed the 10% law: only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

Q2. Primary productivity is highest in:

Tropical rainforests
Deserts
Tundra
Temperate grasslands

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Productivity

Solution

Tropical rainforests have the highest primary productivity due to high temperature, rainfall, and biodiversity.

Q3. Decomposers are also called:

Producers
Saprotrophs
Herbivores
Autotrophs

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Decomposition

Solution

Decomposers (saprotrophs): fungi and bacteria that break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients.

Q4. Primary producers are:

decomposers
autotrophs (plants, algae)
herbivores
carnivores

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

autotrophs (plants, algae).

Q5. Ecological succession on bare rock is:

climax
primary succession
regression
secondary succession

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

primary succession.

Q6. Denitrification converts:

N₂ to NH₃
NH₃ to NO₂
NO₂ to NH₃
NO₃⁻ to N₂

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

NO₃⁻ to N₂.

Q7. GPP stands for:

General Plant Production
Gross Primary Productivity
none
Growth Per Period

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

Gross Primary Productivity.

Q8. NPP = GPP minus:

Photosynthesis
Respiration
Growth
Consumption

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

Respiration.

Q9. Standing crop is:

decomposition rate
total consumption
total production
biomass present at a given time

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

biomass present at a given time.

Q10. Humus is:

sand
dark amorphous substance resistant to decomposition
mineral soil
clay

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

dark amorphous substance resistant to decomposition.

Q11. GPP = NPP +:

Respiration
Decomposition
Production
Consumption

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

Respiration.

Q12. Standing crop is measured as:

biomass at a time
respiration rate
total productivity
decomposition rate

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

biomass at a time.

Q13. Humus is resistant to:

all
chemical action
microbial decomposition
physical action

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

microbial decomposition.

Q14. Pioneer species in xerosere are:

mosses
trees
lichens
grasses

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

lichens.

Q15. Detritivores feed on:

living plants
dead organic matter (detritus)
living animals
sunlight

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

dead organic matter (detritus).

Q16. Pyramid of energy is always:

flat
inverted
variable
upright

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

upright.

Q17. Pyramid of biomass in ocean is:

upright
variable
inverted
flat

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

inverted.

Q18. Climax community is:

stable, final stage of succession
temporary
unstable
first stage

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

stable, final stage of succession.

Q19. Nitrogen fixation converts:

N₂ to NO₂
NH₃ to NO₃⁻
NO₃⁻ to N₂
N₂ to NH₃

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecosystem

Solution

N₂ to NH₃.

Q20. Coral reefs are found in:

shallow tropical waters
deep ocean
polar regions
freshwater

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecology

Solution

shallow tropical waters.

Q21. Food web is more realistic than food chain because:

it ignores decomposers
it's simpler
it has fewer species
organisms eat multiple species

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecology

Solution

organisms eat multiple species.

Q22. Biomagnification increases toxin concentration:

at higher trophic levels
at lower levels
equally
not at all

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecology

Solution

at higher trophic levels.

Q23. r-selected species are characterized by:

slow reproduction
long lifespan
large body
rapid reproduction, short lifespan

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecology

Solution

rapid reproduction, short lifespan.

Q24. K-selected species are characterized by:

slow reproduction, long lifespan
short lifespan
rapid reproduction
small body

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Ecology

Solution

slow reproduction, long lifespan.

Other Chapters in Biology

Ch 1: Reproduction in Organisms Ch 2: Sexual Reproduction in Plants Ch 3: Human Reproduction Ch 4: Reproductive Health Ch 5: Principles of Inheritance Ch 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Ch 7: Evolution Ch 8: Human Health & Disease Ch 9: Strategies for Enhancement Ch 10: Microbes in Human Welfare Ch 11: Biotechnology Principles Ch 12: Biotechnology Applications Ch 13: Organisms & Populations Ch 15: Biodiversity & Conservation Ch 16: Environmental Issues

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