Chapter 12: Biotechnology Applications
NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Biology — 11 solved questions with detailed explanations.
Solved Questions
Q1. Bt cotton contains a gene from:
- Bacillus thuringiensis
- Bacillus subtilis
- E. coli
- Agrobacterium
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Transgenic Crops
Solution
Bt cotton has cry genes (cry1Ac, cry2Ab) from Bacillus thuringiensis that produce Bt toxin killing bollworm larvae.
Q2. Golden rice is enriched in:
- Iron
- Vitamin A (β-carotene)
- Vitamin C
- Protein
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: GM Crops
Solution
Golden rice is genetically engineered to produce β-carotene (provitamin A) in the grain endosperm.
Q3. Transgenic animals are used for:
- testing drugs, studying diseases
- food only
- transportation
- decoration
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Biotechnology Applications
Solution
testing drugs, studying diseases.
Q4. Biopiracy is:
- conservation
- cultivation
- research
- unauthorized use of biological resources
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Biotechnology Applications
Solution
unauthorized use of biological resources.
Q5. Gene therapy aims to:
- correct genetic defects by inserting normal genes
- remove genes
- mutate genes
- add extra chromosomes
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Applications
Solution
correct genetic defects by inserting normal genes.
Q6. Insulin produced by rDNA technology is called:
- natural insulin
- plant insulin
- animal insulin
- humulin
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Applications
Q7. RNA interference (RNAi) is used for:
- gene amplification
- DNA repair
- gene expression
- gene silencing
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology Applications
Q8. Taq polymerase is used in PCR because it is:
- thermostable (from Thermus aquaticus)
- cheap
- fast
- error-free
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology
Solution
thermostable (from Thermus aquaticus).
Q9. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA by:
- color
- charge only
- weight
- size (smaller moves faster)
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology
Solution
size (smaller moves faster).
Q10. Restriction enzymes are called molecular scissors because they:
- join DNA
- cut DNA at specific sites
- copy DNA
- degrade DNA
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology
Solution
cut DNA at specific sites.
Q11. DNA ligase:
- degrades DNA
- copies DNA
- cuts DNA
- joins DNA fragments
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Biotechnology
Solution
joins DNA fragments.
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