Chapter 19: Excretory Products
NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Biology — 18 solved questions with detailed explanations.
Solved Questions
Q1. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
- Nephron
- Glomerulus
- Loop of Henle
- Collecting duct
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Kidney
Solution
Nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney has about 1 million nephrons.
Q2. Urea is synthesized in the:
- muscle
- kidney
- liver (urea cycle)
- blood
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
liver (urea cycle).
Q3. Ureotelic organisms excrete:
- uric acid
- amino acids
- ammonia
- urea (mammals, most amphibians)
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
urea (mammals, most amphibians).
Q4. Uricotelic organisms excrete:
- uric acid (birds, reptiles, insects)
- ammonia
- amino acids
- urea
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
uric acid (birds, reptiles, insects).
Q5. Ammonotelic organisms excrete:
- uric acid
- amino acids
- ammonia (aquatic organisms, bony fish)
- urea
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
ammonia (aquatic organisms, bony fish).
Q6. PCT (Proximal Convoluted Tubule) reabsorbs:
- only glucose
- nothing
- only water
- glucose, amino acids, Na+, water
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
glucose, amino acids, Na+, water.
Q7. DCT is involved in:
- filtration
- selective reabsorption and secretion
- concentration
- blood formation
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
selective reabsorption and secretion.
Q8. Collecting duct is permeable to water under:
- cortisol only
- no hormone
- ADH influence
- aldosterone only
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Q9. Micturition is:
- the act of urination
- secretion
- reabsorption
- filtration
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
the act of urination.
Q10. Hemodialysis is:
- drug treatment
- surgery
- blood transfusion
- artificial blood filtering for kidney failure
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
artificial blood filtering for kidney failure.
Q11. Kidney transplant requires:
- immunosuppression to prevent rejection
- antibiotics only
- vitamins
- no medication
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
immunosuppression to prevent rejection.
Q12. Normal GFR in humans is approximately:
- 25 mL/min
- 1 L/min
- 500 mL/min
- 125 mL/min (180 L/day)
Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
125 mL/min (180 L/day).
Q13. The counter-current mechanism in the kidney helps in:
- Filtration
- Concentration of urine
- Secretion
- Reabsorption of glucose
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Urine Concentration
Solution
Counter-current mechanism (in loop of Henle and vasa recta) creates a concentration gradient in the medulla for urine concentration.
Q14. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is approximately:
- 12.5 mL/min
- 25 mL/min
- 1.5 L/min
- 125 mL/min
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Excretory Products
Q15. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) promotes:
- Na+ excretion
- K+ absorption
- water reabsorption in collecting duct
- water excretion
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
water reabsorption in collecting duct.
Q16. Aldosterone promotes:
- water excretion
- K+ reabsorption
- Na+ reabsorption in DCT
- glucose excretion
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
Na+ reabsorption in DCT.
Q17. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is:
- impermeable to water
- permeable to urea
- impermeable to NaCl
- permeable to water
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Excretory Products
Solution
impermeable to water.
Q18. Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:
- ADH
- erythropoietin
- renin
- aldosterone
Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Excretory Products
Other Chapters in Biology
Want to practice these questions interactively?
Get instant feedback, track progress, and improve with adaptive practice.
Start Practicing Free →
