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NCERT Solutions › Physics › Chapter 14

Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics

NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Physics — 105 solved questions with detailed explanations.

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Solved Questions

Q1. The output of a NAND gate when both inputs are 1 is:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Logic Gates

Solution

NAND gate: output = NOT(A AND B). When A=1, B=1: AND gives 1, NOT gives 0. Wait, NAND(1,1) = NOT(1 AND 1) = NOT(1) = 0.

Q2. In a transistor, the current gain β (beta) is defined as:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Transistor

Solution

β = I_C/I_B (common emitter current gain). Typical values: 50-200.

Q3. A Zener diode is used as a:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Zener Diode

Solution

Zener diode operates in reverse breakdown region to provide constant voltage, used as a voltage regulator.

Q4. In n-type semiconductor, majority carriers are:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

electrons.

Q5. In p-type semiconductor, majority carriers are:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

holes.

Q6. The barrier potential for silicon p-n junction is approximately:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

0.7 V.

Q7. The barrier potential for germanium p-n junction is approximately:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

0.3 V.

Q8. Forward biasing of p-n junction means:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

p connected to positive terminal.

Q9. LED works on the principle of:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

electroluminescence.

Q10. Solar cell converts:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

light energy to electrical.

Q11. OR gate output is 1 when:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

at least one input is 1.

Q12. AND gate output is 1 when:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

both inputs are 1.

Q13. NOT gate has:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

one input, one output.

Q14. XOR gate gives 1 when:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

inputs are different.

Q15. NOR gate is equivalent to:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Semiconductors

Solution

OR + NOT.

Q16. In a p-n junction diode, the depletion region is formed due to:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: p-n Junction

Solution

Depletion region forms when majority carriers (electrons from n, holes from p) diffuse across the junction and recombine.

Q17. The band gap of silicon at room temperature is approximately:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Band Theory

Solution

Silicon band gap ≈ 1.1 eV at 300 K. Germanium ≈ 0.67 eV.

Q18. A transistor has β=50. If I_B=10μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 50×10μA.

Q19. A transistor has β=60. If I_B=12μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 60×12μA.

Q20. A transistor has β=70. If I_B=14μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 70×14μA.

Q21. A transistor has β=80. If I_B=16μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 80×16μA.

Q22. A transistor has β=90. If I_B=18μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 90×18μA.

Q23. A transistor has β=100. If I_B=20μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 100×20μA.

Q24. A transistor has β=110. If I_B=22μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 110×22μA.

Q25. A transistor has β=120. If I_B=24μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 120×24μA.

Q26. A transistor has β=130. If I_B=26μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 130×26μA.

Q27. A transistor has β=140. If I_B=28μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 140×28μA.

Q28. A transistor has β=150. If I_B=30μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 150×30μA.

Q29. A transistor has β=160. If I_B=32μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 160×32μA.

Q30. A transistor has β=170. If I_B=34μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 170×34μA.

Q31. A transistor has β=180. If I_B=36μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 180×36μA.

Q32. A transistor has β=190. If I_B=38μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 190×38μA.

Q33. A transistor has β=200. If I_B=40μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 200×40μA.

Q34. A transistor has β=210. If I_B=42μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 210×42μA.

Q35. A transistor has β=220. If I_B=44μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 220×44μA.

Q36. A transistor has β=230. If I_B=46μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 230×46μA.

Q37. A transistor has β=240. If I_B=48μA, then I_C is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C = β×I_B = 240×48μA.

Q38. Transistor β=20, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*5μA=0.1 mA.

Q39. Transistor β=20, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*10μA=0.2 mA.

Q40. Transistor β=20, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*15μA=0.3 mA.

Q41. Transistor β=20, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*20μA=0.4 mA.

Q42. Transistor β=20, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*25μA=0.5 mA.

Q43. Transistor β=20, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*30μA=0.6 mA.

Q44. Transistor β=20, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*35μA=0.7 mA.

Q45. Transistor β=20, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*40μA=0.8 mA.

Q46. Transistor β=20, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=20*45μA=0.9 mA.

Q47. Transistor β=30, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*5μA=0.15 mA.

Q48. Transistor β=30, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*10μA=0.3 mA.

Q49. Transistor β=30, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*15μA=0.45 mA.

Q50. Transistor β=30, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*20μA=0.6 mA.

Q51. Transistor β=30, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*25μA=0.75 mA.

Q52. Transistor β=30, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*30μA=0.9 mA.

Q53. Transistor β=30, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*35μA=1.05 mA.

Q54. Transistor β=30, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*40μA=1.2 mA.

Q55. Transistor β=30, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=30*45μA=1.35 mA.

Q56. Transistor β=40, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*5μA=0.2 mA.

Q57. Transistor β=40, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*10μA=0.4 mA.

Q58. Transistor β=40, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*15μA=0.6 mA.

Q59. Transistor β=40, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*20μA=0.8 mA.

Q60. Transistor β=40, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*25μA=1.0 mA.

Q61. Transistor β=40, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*30μA=1.2 mA.

Q62. Transistor β=40, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*35μA=1.4 mA.

Q63. Transistor β=40, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*40μA=1.6 mA.

Q64. Transistor β=40, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=40*45μA=1.8 mA.

Q65. Transistor β=50, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*5μA=0.25 mA.

Q66. Transistor β=50, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*10μA=0.5 mA.

Q67. Transistor β=50, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*15μA=0.75 mA.

Q68. Transistor β=50, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*20μA=1.0 mA.

Q69. Transistor β=50, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*25μA=1.25 mA.

Q70. Transistor β=50, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*30μA=1.5 mA.

Q71. Transistor β=50, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*35μA=1.75 mA.

Q72. Transistor β=50, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*40μA=2.0 mA.

Q73. Transistor β=50, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=50*45μA=2.25 mA.

Q74. Transistor β=60, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*5μA=0.3 mA.

Q75. Transistor β=60, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*10μA=0.6 mA.

Q76. Transistor β=60, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*15μA=0.9 mA.

Q77. Transistor β=60, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*20μA=1.2 mA.

Q78. Transistor β=60, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*25μA=1.5 mA.

Q79. Transistor β=60, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*30μA=1.8 mA.

Q80. Transistor β=60, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*35μA=2.1 mA.

Q81. Transistor β=60, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*40μA=2.4 mA.

Q82. Transistor β=60, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=60*45μA=2.7 mA.

Q83. Transistor β=70, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*5μA=0.35 mA.

Q84. Transistor β=70, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*10μA=0.7 mA.

Q85. Transistor β=70, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*15μA=1.05 mA.

Q86. Transistor β=70, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*20μA=1.4 mA.

Q87. Transistor β=70, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*25μA=1.75 mA.

Q88. Transistor β=70, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*30μA=2.1 mA.

Q89. Transistor β=70, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*35μA=2.45 mA.

Q90. Transistor β=70, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*40μA=2.8 mA.

Q91. Transistor β=70, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=70*45μA=3.15 mA.

Q92. Transistor β=80, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*5μA=0.4 mA.

Q93. Transistor β=80, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*10μA=0.8 mA.

Q94. Transistor β=80, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*15μA=1.2 mA.

Q95. Transistor β=80, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*20μA=1.6 mA.

Q96. Transistor β=80, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*25μA=2.0 mA.

Q97. Transistor β=80, I_B=30μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*30μA=2.4 mA.

Q98. Transistor β=80, I_B=35μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*35μA=2.8 mA.

Q99. Transistor β=80, I_B=40μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*40μA=3.2 mA.

Q100. Transistor β=80, I_B=45μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=80*45μA=3.6 mA.

Q101. Transistor β=90, I_B=5μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=90*5μA=0.45 mA.

Q102. Transistor β=90, I_B=10μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=90*10μA=0.9 mA.

Q103. Transistor β=90, I_B=15μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=90*15μA=1.35 mA.

Q104. Transistor β=90, I_B=20μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=90*20μA=1.8 mA.

Q105. Transistor β=90, I_B=25μA. I_C(mA):

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Transistor

Solution

I_C=β*I_B=90*25μA=2.25 mA.

Other Chapters in Physics

Ch 1: Electric Charges & FieldsCh 2: Electrostatic PotentialCh 3: Current ElectricityCh 4: Moving Charges & MagnetismCh 5: Magnetism & MatterCh 6: Electromagnetic InductionCh 7: Alternating CurrentCh 8: Electromagnetic WavesCh 9: Ray OpticsCh 10: Wave OpticsCh 11: Dual Nature of RadiationCh 12: AtomsCh 13: Nuclei

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