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Chapter 2: Solutions

NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Chemistry — 100 solved questions with detailed explanations.

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Solved Questions

Q1. The boiling point elevation of a solution is given by ΔT_b = K_b × m, where m is:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Colligative Properties

Solution

ΔT_b = K_b × m. Here m is molality (moles of solute per kg of solvent).

Q2. Raoult's law is applicable to:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Raoult's Law

Solution

Raoult's law: P_A = x_A × P°_A. Strictly valid only for ideal solutions.

Q3. The osmotic pressure of a solution is given by:

Difficulty: Easy · Topic: Osmotic Pressure

Solution

π = CRT (or πV = nRT), where C is molar concentration, R is gas constant, T is temperature.

Q4. The van't Hoff factor for NaCl is ideally:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff Factor

Solution

NaCl → Na⁺ + Cl⁻. i = 2 (dissociates into 2 ions).

Q5. Molality of solution with 10g solute (MM=40) in 500g solvent is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

m = moles/kg solvent = (10/40)/(500/1000) = 0.5 mol/kg.

Q6. Molality of solution with 20g solute (MM=60) in 1000g solvent is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

m = moles/kg solvent = (20/60)/(1000/1000) = 0.3333 mol/kg.

Q7. Molality of solution with 5g solute (MM=100) in 250g solvent is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

m = moles/kg solvent = (5/100)/(250/1000) = 0.2 mol/kg.

Q8. Molality of solution with 30g solute (MM=58.5) in 500g solvent is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

m = moles/kg solvent = (30/58.5)/(500/1000) = 1.0256 mol/kg.

Q9. van't Hoff factor for NaCl is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

NaCl gives 2 particles on dissociation.

Q10. van't Hoff factor for CaCl₂ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

CaCl₂ gives 3 particles on dissociation.

Q11. van't Hoff factor for AlCl₃ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

AlCl₃ gives 4 particles on dissociation.

Q12. van't Hoff factor for K₂SO₄ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

K₂SO₄ gives 3 particles on dissociation.

Q13. van't Hoff factor for Na₃PO₄ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

Na₃PO₄ gives 4 particles on dissociation.

Q14. van't Hoff factor for MgCl₂ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

MgCl₂ gives 3 particles on dissociation.

Q15. van't Hoff factor for BaCl₂ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

BaCl₂ gives 3 particles on dissociation.

Q16. van't Hoff factor for FeCl₃ is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

FeCl₃ gives 4 particles on dissociation.

Q17. van't Hoff factor for glucose is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

glucose gives 1 particles on dissociation.

Q18. van't Hoff factor for urea is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

urea gives 1 particles on dissociation.

Q19. van't Hoff factor for sucrose is:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: van't Hoff

Solution

sucrose gives 1 particles on dissociation.

Q20. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=40) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/40)/(0.1) = 1.0 M.

Q21. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=40) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/40)/(0.25) = 0.4 M.

Q22. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=40) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/40)/(0.5) = 0.2 M.

Q23. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=40) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/40)/(1.0) = 0.1 M.

Q24. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=58.5) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/58.5)/(0.1) = 0.684 M.

Q25. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=58.5) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/58.5)/(0.25) = 0.2736 M.

Q26. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=58.5) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/58.5)/(0.5) = 0.1368 M.

Q27. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=58.5) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/58.5)/(1.0) = 0.0684 M.

Q28. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=98) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/98)/(0.1) = 0.408 M.

Q29. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=98) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/98)/(0.25) = 0.1632 M.

Q30. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=98) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/98)/(0.5) = 0.0816 M.

Q31. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=98) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/98)/(1.0) = 0.0408 M.

Q32. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=100) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/100)/(0.1) = 0.4 M.

Q33. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=100) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/100)/(0.25) = 0.16 M.

Q34. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=100) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/100)/(0.5) = 0.08 M.

Q35. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=100) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/100)/(1.0) = 0.04 M.

Q36. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=106) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/106)/(0.1) = 0.377 M.

Q37. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=106) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/106)/(0.25) = 0.1508 M.

Q38. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=106) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/106)/(0.5) = 0.0754 M.

Q39. Molarity: 4g solute (MM=106) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (4/106)/(1.0) = 0.0377 M.

Q40. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=40) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/40)/(0.1) = 2.5 M.

Q41. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=40) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/40)/(0.25) = 1.0 M.

Q42. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=40) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/40)/(0.5) = 0.5 M.

Q43. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=40) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/40)/(1.0) = 0.25 M.

Q44. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=58.5) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/58.5)/(0.1) = 1.709 M.

Q45. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=58.5) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/58.5)/(0.25) = 0.6836 M.

Q46. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=58.5) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/58.5)/(0.5) = 0.3418 M.

Q47. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=58.5) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/58.5)/(1.0) = 0.1709 M.

Q48. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=98) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/98)/(0.1) = 1.02 M.

Q49. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=98) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/98)/(0.25) = 0.408 M.

Q50. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=98) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/98)/(0.5) = 0.204 M.

Q51. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=98) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/98)/(1.0) = 0.102 M.

Q52. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=100) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/100)/(0.1) = 1.0 M.

Q53. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=100) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/100)/(0.25) = 0.4 M.

Q54. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=100) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/100)/(0.5) = 0.2 M.

Q55. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=100) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/100)/(1.0) = 0.1 M.

Q56. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=106) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/106)/(0.1) = 0.943 M.

Q57. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=106) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/106)/(0.25) = 0.3772 M.

Q58. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=106) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/106)/(0.5) = 0.1886 M.

Q59. Molarity: 10g solute (MM=106) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (10/106)/(1.0) = 0.0943 M.

Q60. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=40) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/40)/(0.1) = 5.0 M.

Q61. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=40) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/40)/(0.25) = 2.0 M.

Q62. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=40) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/40)/(0.5) = 1.0 M.

Q63. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=40) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/40)/(1.0) = 0.5 M.

Q64. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=58.5) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/58.5)/(0.1) = 3.419 M.

Q65. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=58.5) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/58.5)/(0.25) = 1.3676 M.

Q66. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=58.5) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/58.5)/(0.5) = 0.6838 M.

Q67. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=58.5) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/58.5)/(1.0) = 0.3419 M.

Q68. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=98) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/98)/(0.1) = 2.041 M.

Q69. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=98) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/98)/(0.25) = 0.8164 M.

Q70. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=98) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/98)/(0.5) = 0.4082 M.

Q71. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=98) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/98)/(1.0) = 0.2041 M.

Q72. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=100) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/100)/(0.1) = 2.0 M.

Q73. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=100) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/100)/(0.25) = 0.8 M.

Q74. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=100) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/100)/(0.5) = 0.4 M.

Q75. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=100) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/100)/(1.0) = 0.2 M.

Q76. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=106) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/106)/(0.1) = 1.887 M.

Q77. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=106) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/106)/(0.25) = 0.7548 M.

Q78. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=106) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/106)/(0.5) = 0.3774 M.

Q79. Molarity: 20g solute (MM=106) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (20/106)/(1.0) = 0.1887 M.

Q80. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=40) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/40)/(0.1) = 10.0 M.

Q81. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=40) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/40)/(0.25) = 4.0 M.

Q82. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=40) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/40)/(0.5) = 2.0 M.

Q83. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=40) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/40)/(1.0) = 1.0 M.

Q84. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=58.5) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/58.5)/(0.1) = 6.838 M.

Q85. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=58.5) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/58.5)/(0.25) = 2.7352 M.

Q86. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=58.5) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/58.5)/(0.5) = 1.3676 M.

Q87. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=58.5) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/58.5)/(1.0) = 0.6838 M.

Q88. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=98) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/98)/(0.1) = 4.082 M.

Q89. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=98) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/98)/(0.25) = 1.6328 M.

Q90. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=98) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/98)/(0.5) = 0.8164 M.

Q91. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=98) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/98)/(1.0) = 0.4082 M.

Q92. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=100) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/100)/(0.1) = 4.0 M.

Q93. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=100) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/100)/(0.25) = 1.6 M.

Q94. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=100) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/100)/(0.5) = 0.8 M.

Q95. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=100) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/100)/(1.0) = 0.4 M.

Q96. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=106) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/106)/(0.1) = 3.774 M.

Q97. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=106) in 250mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/106)/(0.25) = 1.5096 M.

Q98. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=106) in 500mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/106)/(0.5) = 0.7548 M.

Q99. Molarity: 40g solute (MM=106) in 1000mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (40/106)/(1.0) = 0.3774 M.

Q100. Molarity: 49g solute (MM=40) in 100mL:

Difficulty: Easy-Medium · Topic: Concentration

Solution

M = (mass/MM)/(V in L) = (49/40)/(0.1) = 12.25 M.

Other Chapters in Chemistry

Ch 1: Solid StateCh 3: ElectrochemistryCh 4: Chemical KineticsCh 5: Surface ChemistryCh 6: Isolation of ElementsCh 7: p-Block ElementsCh 8: d & f Block ElementsCh 9: Coordination CompoundsCh 10: Haloalkanes & HaloarenesCh 11: Alcohols Phenols EthersCh 12: Aldehydes KetonesCh 13: AminesCh 14: BiomoleculesCh 15: PolymersCh 16: Chemistry in Everyday Life

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